Using satellite altimetry sea surface height anomalies (SSHA) and Argo profiles, we investigated eddy’s statistical characteristics, 3-D structures, eddy-induced physical parameter changes, and heat/freshwater transports in the South China Sea (SCS). In total, 31,744 cyclonic eddies (CEs, snapshot) and 29,324 anticyclonic eddies (AEs) were detected in the SCS between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2016. The composite analysis has uncovered that changes in physical parameters modulated by eddies are mainly confined to the upper 400 m. The maximum change of temperature (T), salinity (S) and potential density ( σ θ ) within the composite CE reaches ?1.5 °C at about 70 m, 0.1 psu at about 50 m, and 0.5 kg m ?3 at about 60 m, respectively. In contrast, the maximum change of T, S and σ θ in the composite AE reaches 1.6 °C (about 110 m), ?0.1 psu (about 70 m), and ?0.5 kg m ?3 (about 90 m), respectively. The maximum swirl velocity within the composite CE and AE reaches 0.3 m s ?1 . The zonal freshwater transport induced by CEs and AEs is (373.6 ± 9.7)×10 3 m 3 s ?1 and (384.2 ± 10.8)×10 3 m 3 s ?1 , respectively, contributing up to (8.5 ± 0.2)% and (8.7 ± 0.2)% of the annual mean transport through the Luzon Strait.
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机译：利用卫星测高海面高度异常（SSHA）和Argo廓线，我们调查了涡的统计特征，3-D结构，涡引起的物理参数变化以及南中国海（SCS）的热/淡水输送。在2005年1月1日至2016年12月31日期间，南海地区共发现31,744个旋风涡流（CE，快照）和29,324个反旋风涡流（AE）。综合分析发现，由涡流调制的物理参数变化主要限于上层400 m复合材料CE中的温度（T），盐度（S）和电势密度（σθ）的最大变化在约70 m处达到约1.5°C，在约50 m处达到0.1 psu，在约60处达到0.5 kg m？3米，分别。相反，复合AE中的T，S和σθ的最大变化分别达到1.6°C（约110 m）、? 0.1 psu（约70 m）和？0.5 kg m？3（约90 m）。 。 CE和AE复合材料内的最大旋流速度达到0.3 m s？1。 CEs和AEs引起的区域淡水输送分别为（373.6±9.7）×10 3 m 3 s -1和（384.2±10.8）×10 3 m 3 s -1，分别贡献了（8.5±0.2）％和通过吕宋海峡的年平均运输量的（8.7±0.2）％。
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