First Constitutional Assembly and its Role in Developing and Shaping the Constitution Law

摘要

Constitution of a count ry is the highest legal document as a guide to setting new la ws. Constitution defines political principles, structure, hierarchy, status, and political border of the country, and to establish and guarantee the rights of citizens. No law shall be inconsiste nt with the constitution. In other words, constitution is the law determines the governmental law, the law that specifies whe re power is concentrated, what the relations are among rights and freedoms of individuals and the ruling government and what respon sibilities are assumed for the ruling powers, including the executive, legislature and judiciary toward nation . In addition, the constitution is concerned with implications of the national flag, national anthem, national symbol, the capital of the countr y and the principles governing economic policy, cultural programs and foreign relations. Persia Constitution of 1906 was Iran's' first constitution that was signed by the royal proclamation of August 5, 1906, Mozzafar al - Din Shah. The constitution had 51 Act s generally on the internal frameworks of the Majlis (Parliament) and the Senate, therefore at the beginning it was known as Code of Conduct. This law wa s made in rush after the success of constitutionalists in gaining the constitutional order without any reference to the rights of nations and other arrangements relating to the relationship between the government and the nations rights, therefore, the "Amendment to constit ute on" was prepared and approved by Parliament, and Mohammad Ali Shah in 7th October, 1907. The current study addresses the process of constitution formation and the question "Why Persia Constitution of 1906 failed.