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'Man muss die Dinge sich vor Augen halten ...': Goethe's and Adorno's aesthetic programmes as a critique of Modernity

机译:“您必须牢记……”:歌德和阿多诺的美学计划是对现代性的批判

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Early on in his acquaintance with Goethe, Schiller criticised Goethe?s ?philosophy? as too subjective: ?It takes too much from the world of [the] senses, whereas I take from the soul.? Today, subjectivity is the opposite to the ?objective? world experienced via the senses – a view that can be traced back to the early Scotist thinking on subjective versus objective truth. In the first part of this article, close textual analysis of Goethe?s Farbenlehre (?On the theory of colour?) and Wahlverwandtschaften (?Elective affinities?), demonstrates how Goethe aligns the cognition of truth with a subjective function of participatory observation; which he sees as truly empirical. These texts from very different genres execute the same aesthetic programme, in which the narrator withdraws to invite the reader to see for him-/ herself. In the second part, Goethe?s concept of participatory truth-finding is compared to Adorno?s aesthetic theory – Adorno claims that only the non-identical appears momentarily in artwork. The comparison between Goethe?s ?Aper?u? and Adorno? s ?Apparition?, Goethe?s ?zarte Empirie? and Adorno?s incommensurable insight of art, supports the argument that Adorno?s dilemma in grappling with the absolute can be overcome by using Goethe?s relativising stance. This approach interprets knowledge as a set of cultural-historical concepts, emphasising the pivotal position and relevance of literary studies.
机译:席勒在认识歌德的早期,就批评了歌德的“哲学”?太主观了:“它从感官世界中花费了太多,而我却从灵魂中获得了太多。”今天,主观性与“客观性”相反。通过感官体验到的世界–这种观点可以追溯到早期的苏格兰人关于主观和客观真理的思考。在本文的第一部分中,对歌德的Farbenlehre(“关于色彩理论”?)和Wahlverwandtschaften(“亲和力”)的紧密文本分析表明,歌德如何将真理的认知与参与性观察的主观功能对齐;他认为这是真正的经验。这些来自不同流派的文本执行相同的美学程序,其中叙述者退出以邀请读者亲自观看。在第二部分中,将歌德的参与式发现真相的概念与阿多诺的美学理论进行了比较–阿多诺声称只有不完全相同的事物才在艺术品中短暂出现。歌德的《阿珀》的比较和阿多诺?的“幻影”,歌德的“绝妙的Empirie”?阿多诺的无与伦比的艺术见解支持了这样的论点,即阿德诺在与绝对之争中的困境可以通过使用歌德的相对论立场来克服。这种方法将知识解释为一组文化历史概念,强调文学研究的关键地位和相关性。

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