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The feasibility of national parks in South Africa endorsing a community development agenda: The case of Mokala National Park and two neighbouring rural communities

机译:南非国家公园批准社区发展议程的可行性:以莫卡拉国家公园和两个邻近的农村社区为例

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This article explores the feasibility of South African National Parks (SANParks) endorsing a community development agenda, using Mokala National Park (MNP) and two neighbouring rural communities as case study. A three-phase sequential exploratory, mixed-methods approach was followed: an initial exploratory qualitative phase aimed at identifying the development needs of the two communities; a quantitative phase aimed at verifying and quantifying the identified needs; and a final qualitative phase (with a minor quantitative component) to determine what parks can reasonably achieve in terms of community development based on their available resources, capacity and expertise. Qualitative data were collected via semi-structured interviews (Phase 1:? n ?= 22; Phase 3:? n ?= 6), which were thematically analysed. Quantitative data were collected via a structured questionnaire (Phase 2:? n ?= 484; Phase 3:? n ?= 6) and analysed using SPSS 23. Findings revealed that the communities’ most significant needs centred on employment opportunities; improved healthcare, service delivery and waste management; and education. Community members also expressed the need for improved community policing, safety and security; social services; agricultural support and training; general skills development and training; local leadership; recreational facilities; local economic development and conservation initiatives. Results from the third phase of the study suggest that parks such as MNP can realistically only address some of the identified community needs significantly; primarily job creation (via temporary employment), skills development, local economic development, support of local conservation (especially via environmental education) and, to a lesser extent, agricultural support and training and permanent job creation. Conservation implications : The findings could be of practical use to SANParks to steer its community development initiatives towards attaining a more optimal balance between actual community needs and what the organisation can realistically offer, thus rendering SANParks’ efforts more efficient and effective in supporting the establishment of equitable and sustainable rural communities.
机译:本文探讨了南非国家公园(SANParks)批准社区发展议程的可行性,并以莫卡拉国家公园(MNP)和两个邻近的农村社区为案例研究。遵循了三个阶段的顺序探索性混合方法方法:最初的探索性定性阶段旨在确定两个社区的发展需求;旨在验证和量化已确定需求的量化阶段;最后一个定性阶段(包括少量的定量组成部分),根据可用资源,能力和专业知识,确定哪些公园可以在社区发展方面合理实现。通过半结构化访谈收集定性数据(阶段1 :? n = 22;阶段3 :? n = 6),然后进行专题分析。通过结构化的问卷调查收集了定量数据(第2阶段:n = 484;第3阶段:n n = 6),并使用SPSS 23进行了分析。调查结果表明,社区最重要的需求集中在就业机会上。改善医疗保健,服务提供和废物管理;和教育。社区成员还表示需要改善社区治安,安全与保障;社会服务;农业支持和培训;一般技能发展和培训;地方领导;娱乐设施;当地经济发展和保护举措。研究第三阶段的结果表明,诸如MNP之类的公园实际上只能有效地解决一些已确定的社区需求。主要是创造就业机会(通过临时就业),技能发展,当地经济发展,对地方保护的支持(尤其是通过环境教育),在较小程度上是农业支持和培训以及永久性创造就业机会。保护意义:研究结果可能对SANParks具有实际意义,可以指导其社区发展计划在社区的实际需求和组织可以实际提供的内容之间达到最佳平衡,从而使SANParks的工作更有效,更有效地支持建立社区。公平和可持续的农村社区。

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