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Socioeconomic disparity in adult mortality in India: estimations using the orphanhood method

机译:印度成年人死亡率的社会经济差异:使用孤儿方法的估计

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Abstract BackgroundDue to a lack of data, no study has yet documented differences in adult life expectancy in India by education, caste, and religion.ObjectiveTo examine disparities in socioeconomic status (SES) in the adult mortality rate (40q30) and life expectancy at age 15 ( e 15) in India.Data and methodsWe estimated adult mortality by SES with the orphanhood method to analyze information related to the survival of respondents’ parents. We used data from the India Human Development Survey 2011–2012. SES was measured by education, caste, religion, and income of the either deceased adults or their offspring.ResultsA consistency analysis between orphanhood estimates and official statistics confirmed the robustness of the estimates. Mortality is higher among adults who are illiterate, belong to deprived castes or tribes, have children with a low level of education, and have a low level of household income. The adult mortality rate varies marginally by religion in India. Life expectancy at 15 ( e 15) is about 3.50 and 5.7?years shorter for illiterate men and women, respectively, compared with literate men and women. The parameter e 15 also varies significantly by educational attainment of offspring. On average, parents of children educated to higher secondary level (and above) gain an extra 3.8–4.6?years of adult life compared to parents of illiterate children. Disparity in e 15 by caste and religion is smaller than disparity by education or income.ConclusionThe adult mortality burden falls disproportionately on illiterate adults and adults with less educated offspring. Thus, educational disparity in adult mortality appears to be prominent in Indian context. In the absence of adult mortality statistics by SES in India, we recommend that large-scale surveys should continue collecting data to allow indirect techniques to be applied to estimate mortality and life expectancy in the country.
机译:摘要背景由于缺乏数据,尚无研究记录印度在教育,种姓和宗教方面的成人预期寿命差异。目的探讨社会经济地位(SES)在成年人死亡率(40q30)和预期寿命中的差异15(e 15)在印度。数据和方法我们用孤儿方法通过SES估计成人死亡率,以分析与受访者父母的生存有关的信息。我们使用了《 2011-2012年印度人类发展调查》中的数据。 SES通过死者成年人或其后代的教育程度,等级,宗教信仰和收入来衡量。结果孤儿估计数与官方统计数据之间的一致性分析证实了估计值的可靠性。不识字,属于被剥夺的种姓或部落,有受教育水平较低的孩子以及家庭收入较低的成年人中,死亡率较高。在印度,成人死亡率因宗教信仰而略有不同。与识字的男女相比,文盲的男女在15(e 15)的预期寿命分别短了3.50和5.7岁。参数e 15也随着后代的受教育程度而显着变化。平均而言,与文盲儿童的父母相比,受过中学以上教育的儿童的父母的成年寿命增加了3.8-4.6年。种姓和宗教上的e 15差距小于教育或收入方面的差距。结论成人文盲和后代文化程度较低的成年人的死亡率成比例地下降。因此,在印度,成年人死亡率的教育差异似乎很明显。在印度SES没有成人死亡率统计数据的情况下,我们建议大规模调查应继续收集数据,以允许采用间接技术估算该国的死亡率和预期寿命。

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