Untersuchungen über Zusammensetzung und Transport von Schwebstoffen in einigen Schweizer Flüssen

摘要

The amount and composition of suspended loadfrom 19 stations in Swiss rivers werestudied. Generally, the correlation between the amount of suspended load and of water discharge is good, althoughmeasurements over short periods of timeshow large fluctuations.The denudation rate was calculated from the suspended load discharge, the amount of elements inSolution, and the water discharge. Values of about0.05 mm/yr were obtained for drainage areasconsisting mainly of crystalline rocks and about0.25 mm/yr for drainage areas dominated by sedimentaryrocks.The mineralogical composition of the suspendedload determined by X-ray diffraction can be correlatedwith the rock types in the drainage areas.Composition changes resulting from transportationwere not observed. The clay fraction is mainly composedof illite and chlorite which was, for the mostpart, formed during mechanical weathering in theAlps.