LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT: BY-PRODUCTS IN BIOFUELS PRODUCTION BATTLE; RAPESEED VS. Camelina sativa L.

摘要

One of the main objectives of the Kyoto Protocol and also the global directives is the reduction of GreenHouse Gas emissions (GHG) from consumption of fossil fuels and biofuels used mostly for transportation. Nowadays, a very important aspect is the technology process for production of biofuels together with the by-products from different renewable sources of raw materials. In this study two sources of oil for biofuels production in Romania, are studied: the well-known Rapeseed (Brassica napus) and Camelina (Camelina sativa), a new source of oil for several type of biofuels. Depending on the kind raw materials used, the by-products obtained during crushing of seeds and after transesterification or hydrogenation and hydrotreatment of the oil can be used either as feed stocks, or as secondary fuels. In this study the Camelina cultivation requirements is assess by the authors, as well as the pilot scale oil recovery to calculate life cycle analyses of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and energy demand; a comparison with the rapeseed cultivation in Romania is also conducted. The team has determined the response to model assumptions including the allocation methodology, as part of N fertilizer application rate. The use of Nitrogen as a fertilizer, the use of Rapeseed and Camelina by-products can also be related for further GHG emissions and energy consumption assessment and investigation. The best result obtained for camelina value chain, regarding the greenhouse gas emissions reduction was over 60% compared to petroleum jet fuel reported.