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Effect of conservation agriculture on yield and protecting environmental resources

机译:保护性农业对单产和保护环境资源的影响

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Conservative soil tillage (minimum tillage and no-tillage) are considered among the most important components of conservation agriculture. Their research and extension was imposed especially in hilly areas with specific problems of desertification (erosion, drought) as bioremedial measures. Our research follows the effects of the three tillage systems: conventional systems, minimum tillage and no-tillage on soil properties (bulk density, penetration resistance, temperature and moisture, soil respiration) and on the production of wheat, maize and soybean, obtained on an Argic Faeoziom from the Somes Plateau. Average soil bulk density grows, compared to the conventional system (1.20-1.24 g/cm 3 ), in all variants with minimum tillage (1.22-1.32 g/cm 3 ); the highest growth is recorded at no-tillage, being 1.35- 1.38 g/cm 3 with statistically significant positive differences. Soil moisture increases in all variants with minimum and no-tillage with different percentages, ranging from 1-15% v/v, compared to the conventional system. This is also reflected in the values of resistance to penetration. Tillage appeared to affect the timing rather than the total amount of CO 2 production: the daily average is lower at no-tillage (315-1914 mmoles m -2 s -1 ), followed by minimum tillage (318- 2395 mmoles m -2 s -1 ) and is higher in the conventional system (321-2480 mmoles m -2 s -1 ). Productions obtained at minimum tillage and no-tillage did not have significant differences for the wheat culture but were higher for soybean. The differences in crop yields were recorded at maize and can be a direct consequence of loosening, mineralization and intensive mobilization of soil fertility.
机译:保护性耕作(最小耕作和免耕)被认为是保护性农业的最重要组成部分。他们的研究和推广尤其是在具有生物防治措施的荒漠化(侵蚀,干旱)特殊问题的山区进行。我们的研究遵循以下三种耕作制度的影响:常规耕作,最小耕作和免耕对土壤特性(散装密度,抗穿透性,温度和湿度,土壤呼吸)以及对小麦,玉米和大豆产量的影响。来自萨姆斯高原的一座荒芜的Faeoziom。与传统系统相比,在所有耕种方式中,平均耕种密度最小(1.20-1.24 g / cm 3),耕种最少(1.22-1.32 g / cm 3);免耕记录的最高增长为1.35-1.38 g / cm 3,具有统计学显着的正差异。与常规系统相比,所有变体中的土壤水分均以最小耕作和免耕耕作以不同百分比增加,百分比范围为1-15%v / v。这也反映在抗渗透性的值上。耕作似乎会影响时间安排,而不是影响CO 2的总量:免耕的日平均水平较低(315-1914 mmoles m -2 s -1),其次是最小耕作(318-2395 mmoles m -2) s -1),在常规系统中更高(321-2480 mmoles m -2 s -1)。在最小耕作和免耕条件下获得的产量对于小麦培养物没有显着差异,但对于大豆而言则更高。在玉米上记录了农作物产量的差异,这可能是土壤肥力松弛,矿化和集约化的直接结果。

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