It is well known that Selenium plays important roles in human health. In this study, Selenium-enriched Pleurotus ostreatus (P.ostreatus) was cultivated by adding selenoarginine to substrate. Selenium content in mushrooms was measured by Atomic Fluorescence Spectrophotometer (AFS). We demonstrated that that selenium concentration in samples increased significantly and it had a significant positive relationship with selenium concentration in the cultivation material. Finally, we identified the total proteins extracted from ordinary and Se-enriched P.ostreatus by SDS-PAGE and 2-DE. We found there had no significant changes in protein content. Two-dimensional electrophoresis combining with mass spectrometry technology was applied to identify proteins that are differentially expressed in mushroom grown in the substrates with 44.26 mg/kg of Se. From 2D maps, 51 differentially expressed proteins were detected, 17 of those were up-expressed and 34 of those were down-expressed. 8 up-expressed proteins were analyzed by MALDI-TOF-MS/MS: 3 proteins were identified, one was hypothetical protein (gi|270056453) and the other two proteins are respectively NAD-dependent formate dehydrogenase (gi|164564766) and Aldo keto reductase (gi|628847367). These two proteins are mainly involved in substance and energy metabolism in the cell.
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