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Physiological evaluation of the behavior and epidermis of freshwater planarians (Girardia tigrina and Girardia sp.) exposed to stressors

机译:暴露于应激源下的淡水刨皮鱼(Girardia tigrina和Girardia sp。)的行为和表皮的生理评估

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Planarians are metazoan freshwater flatworms which are free-living organisms. Their body has pluripotent stem cell promoters of tissue regeneration capacity. The water temperature and the potential of hydrogen (pH) of lentic ecosystems are important factors involved in the distribution and abundance of these animals. Although the pH factor is directly related to the physiology and behavior of planarians, their adaptive and regenerating capacities still remain unknown. The Critical Thermal Maximum (CTM) is a very widespread method used in the evaluation of thermal tolerance. In this study,Girardia tigrina(Girard, 1850) andGirardiasp., a species found in Brazil, which is under study as a new species, had their epidermis assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to analyze their physiological structures before and after exposure to different stressors. SEM was used as a method to evaluate the planarians' epidermis as a result of the increasing temperature (CTM) and pH alterations, the latter with the use of a new methodology defined as Critical Hydrogen ion concentration Maximum (CHM). In increasing temperatures from 20°C to 37°C, bothGirardia tigrinaandGirardiasp. proved to be adaptable to thermal stress.Girardiasp. was shown to be more resistant to higher temperatures. However,Girardia tigrinawas more resistant to extreme pH conditions (4.0 to 10.0). SEM analysis showed morphological differences among planarian species, such as the arrangement of the structures and cell types of the dorsal epidermis. Moreover, planarians demonstrated the ability to change the surrounding pH of their external environment in order to maintain the function of their physiological mechanisms, suggesting that these animals have a complex survival system, possibly related to protonephridia, flame cells and excretory pores.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
机译:浮游生物是后生淡水扁虫,它们是自由生物。它们的身体具有组织再生能力的多能干细胞启动子。透镜状生态系统的水温和氢势(pH)是这些动物分布和丰富度的重要因素。尽管pH因子与涡虫的生理和行为直接相关,但是它们的适应能力和再生能力仍然未知。临界热最大值(CTM)是一种非常广泛的方法,用于评估热容差。在这项研究中,在巴西发现的一种名为吉拉第亚种(Girardia tigrina)(吉拉尔,1850年)和吉拉第亚种(Girardiasp。)的新物种正在通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)评估它们的表皮,以分析其暴露于暴露前后的生理结构。不同的压力源。 SEM被用作评估由于温度(CTM)和pH值变化而导致的涡虫表皮的方法,而后者则采用了定义为最大氢离子浓度(CHM)的新方法。在温度从20°C升高到37°C的情况下,tigardia tigrina和girardiasp。被证明可适应热应力。被证明对更高的温度具有更高的抵抗力。但是,tigardina gerina对极端的pH条件(4.0至10.0)更具抵抗力。扫描电镜分析显示了平面虫种类之间的形态学差异,例如背表皮的结构排列和细胞类型。此外,涡虫具有改变其周围环境pH值以维持其生理机制功能的能力,这表明这些动物具有复杂的生存系统,可能与肾上腺素,火焰细胞和排泄孔有关。与论文的第一作者相关的第一人称访谈。

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