Hierarchical Decision Making Framework for Evaluation and Improvement of Composite Systems (Example for Building)

摘要

Straipsnyje aprašoma sprendimu priemimo hierarchine struktura, skirta vertinti sudetingas sis-temas ju tobulinimo/perprojektavimo metu. Struktura apjungia hierarchini, morfologini ir dau-giakriterini projektavima (HMDP), morfologine grupine problema ir atlieka dalinimo arba sintezes makroeuristika. Sistemos vertinimo procesas apjungia hierarchini ekspertiniu metodu integravima: integruo-jamu lenteliu metoda arba morfologini projektavima. Taip atliekama daugiapakope sutvarkomoji klasifikacija. Sistemos tobulinimo procesas nagrinejamas kaip perprojektavimo operaciju parinki-mas ir planavimas ivertinant operaciju (procesu) charakteristikas ir binarinius ryšius operaciju aibems. Sistemos tobulinimo proceso modeliavimui naudojamas keletas kombinatorines opti-mizacijos modeliu, iskaitant HMDP. Siulomas metodas pritaikytas sprendžiant realu dviaukščio pastato perprojektavimo uždavini, ivertinant, kad statyba numatoma padidinto seismingumo teritorijoje.%The article describes a hierarchical decision making framework for the evaluation and improvement/redesign of composite systems. The framework is based on Hierarchical Morphological Multicriteria Design (HMMD) and corresponding morphological clique problem which realize "partitioning/synthesis macroheuristic". The system evaluation process consists in hierarchical integration of expert judgment (as ordinal estimates): a method of integration tables or the above-mentioned morphological approach. As a result, ordinal multi-state classification is realized. The system improvement/redesign process is examined as the selection and planning of redesign operations while taking into account operations attributes (e.g., required resources, effectiveness) and binary relations {equivalence, complementarity, precedence) on the operation sets. For modeling the system improvement process several combinatorial optimization models are used (knapsack problem, multiple choice problem, etc.) including HMMD. The suggested approach is illustrated by realistic numerical example for two-floor building. This applied problem is examined from the viewpoint of earthquake engineering.