Effect of training Japanese L1 speakers in the production of Americann English /r/ using spectrographic visual feedback

摘要

The present study examines the effects of training native Japanese speakers in the production of American /r/ using spectrographic visual feedback. Within a modified single-subject design, two native Japanese participants produced single words containing /r/ in a variety of positions while viewing live spectrographic feedback with the aim of producing /r/ with a third formant (F3) frequency of less than 2300Hz (upper threshold for identifiable /r/). Feedback was gradually reduced to promote inde