Study of melting properties of basalt based on their mineral components

摘要

In this paper, the mineral components, initial liquid temperature, melting temperature, melting process, and melt homogeneity of andesite, andesitic basalt, tholeiite basalt, and alkali basalt are investigated. The results show that the basalts exhibit initial liquid temperatures and melting temperatures in the following descending order: andesite, andesitic basalt, tholeiite basalt, and alkali basalt. The initial liquid temperature and melting temperature of the basalts increase with an increase in quartz and plagioclase (anorthite and albite) content, but they decrease with an increase in pyroxene (diopside and hypersthenes) content. In the melting process of basalt, the mineral components gradually melt, and the ordered crystal structure is transformed into an amorphous glass structure. Because of the high melting temperature and narrow temperature range of the melt reaction, during the melting process, the melting temperature or the melting time must be increased to homogenize the basalt melt. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.