Communication Apprehension in a First Language and Self-Perceived Competence as Predictors of Communication Apprehension in a Second Language: A Study of Speakers of English as a Second Language

摘要

This study addresses the communication apprehension of the non-native English speaker in the U.S. Previous studies which have examined the implications of communication apprehension (CA) for bilingual, non-native communicators have generated results which indicate that trait-like CA is consistent across first and second language-speaking situations. However, none of these studies have probed the cause of the cross-linguistic consistency of CA. This research is designed to provide a scientific explanation for the etiology of CA by applying the communibiological paradigm to CA theory and research. By selecting the situational constraints of international students, this study tests a theory based on proposition 4 of the communibiological paradigm (Beatty & McCroskey w/Valencic, 2001, p. 128): "Environment or 'situation' has only a negligible effect on interpersonal behavior." The results of this study replicate the strong relationship previously observed between CA in a first language and CA in a second language. It also found that the genetic markers employed (Eysenck's Big 3 temperament variables) predicted first and second language CA approximately equally. The results indicate that, although both first and second languages are learned, the CA associated with them most likely is not.