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EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL MODELING OF SHRUB CROWN FIRE INITIATION

机译:套筒冠状起火的实验与数值模拟

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摘要

The transition of fire from dry surface fuels to wet shrub crown fuels was studied using laboratory experiments and a simple physical model to gain a better understanding of the transition process. In the experiments, we investigated the effects of varying vertical distances between surface and crown fuels (crown base height), and of the wind speed on crown fire initiation. The experimental setup was designed to model an isolated clump of crown fuel such as a single tree or group of shrubs. Three wind velocities (0, 1.5, and 1.8 m·s~(-1)) and three crown base heights (0.20, 0.30, and 0.40 m) were used. Crown fuel (solid) and the air temperature within the elevated fuel bed were measured. Crown bulk density and fuel moisture content were held constant in all the experiments. As crown base height increased, crown fire initiation success decreased. Non-zero wind speeds reduced crown fire initiation success because of reduced heating. A simple physical model based on convective and radiative heat exchanges was developed to predict crown fire initiation above a surface fire. The predicted results for different wind speeds and crown base heights were in good agreement with the experimental measurements. Because of its relative simplicity and inclusion of basic physics, it is anticipated that the model can be readily applied andlor adapted to model diverse fuel configurations.
机译:使用实验室实验和简单的物理模型研究了从干地面燃料到湿灌木冠状燃料的燃烧过渡,以更好地了解过渡过程。在实验中,我们研究了地面燃料和冠状燃料之间垂直距离(冠底高度)的变化以及风速对冠状起火的影响。实验设置旨在模拟孤立的一堆树冠燃料,例如一棵树或一组灌木。使用三个风速(0、1.5和1.8 m·s〜(-1))和三个冠底高度(0.20、0.30和0.40 m)。测量了冠状燃料(固体)和高架燃料床内的空气温度。在所有实验中,冠堆密度和燃料含水量保持恒定。随着胎冠底座高度的增加,胎冠起火成功率降低。非零风速由于减少了热量而降低了顶冠起火的成功率。建立了基于对流和辐射热交换的简单物理模型,以预测地面火上方的冠顶起火。不同风速和冠底高度的预测结果与实验测量结果非常吻合。由于其相对简单并且包括基本物理学,因此可以预期该模型可以很容易地应用和/或适于对各种燃料配置进行建模。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Combustion Science and Technology》 |2009年第6期|618-640|共23页
  • 作者单位

    Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California, USA;

    Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California, USA;

    Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California, USA;

    Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California, USA;

    Forest Fire Laboratory, Pacific Southwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Riverside, California, USA;

  • 收录信息
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    crown fire; transition;

    机译:冠火过渡;
  • 入库时间 2022-08-18 00:12:22

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