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FULLY DENSE, ALUMINUM-RICH AI-CuO NANOCOMPOSITE POWDERS FOR ENERGETIC FORMULATIONS

机译:全密度,富含铝的AI-CuO纳米复合粉末,用于能量配方

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The thermite reaction between Al and CuO is well known and highly exothermic. For a conventional thermite mixture, the reaction is rate limited by a slow heterogeneous mass transfer at the metal and oxide interface. The relatively low reaction rate and ignition difficulty have restricted practical applications far this reaction. For newly developed nano-composed thermites, the interface area is substantially increased resulting in a much higher reaction rate and a new range of possible applications. A top-down approach to preparation of reactive nanocomposite materials in the Al-rich Al-CuO system is discussed in this paper. The materials are prepared using arrested reactive milling, a technique based on high-energy hall milling performed at room temperature and stopped (or arrested) before the exothermic reaction between Al and CuO is triggered mechanically. The products are micron-sized, fully dense powders in which reactive components are uniformly mixed on the nanoscale. Optimized milling conditions for the powders with bulk compositions xAl + 3CuO with x = 8, 10, and 12 are found. Respective powders are produced and characterized. Particle sizes are measured and the sizes of nano-inclusions of CuO in Al matrix are determined. Reactions occurring in the nanocomposite materials are also characterized by thermal analysis. Ignition of the produced powders is studied hy coaling them onto an electrically heated filament. Constant volume explosion experiments are used to characterize combustion performance of the produced powders. Compositions of the produced powders and products of their combustion are studied by X-ray powder diffraction. Correlations between combustion performance and material characteristics are established. Ignition for Al-rich Al-CuO nanocomposite powders was observed to occur at 850 ± 10 K independently of the healing rate.
机译:Al和CuO之间的铝热反应是众所周知的并且是放热的。对于常规的铝热剂混合物,反应速率受到金属和氧化物界面处缓慢的异质传质的限制。相对低的反应速率和点火困难限制了该反应的实际应用。对于新开发的纳米组成的铝热剂,界面面积大大增加,导致更高的反应速率和新的可能应用范围。本文讨论了一种由上而下的方法在富铝Al-CuO体系中制备反应性纳米复合材料。使用停止反应研磨法制备材料,该反应研磨法是在室温下进行的高能霍尔研磨技术,在机械触发Al和CuO的放热反应之前停止(或停止)。产品是微米级,完全致密的粉末,其中反应性组分在纳米级上均匀混合。找到了具有x = 8、10和12的整体组成xAl + 3CuO的粉末的最佳研磨条件。分别生产和表征粉末。测量粒径并确定Al基体中CuO的纳米夹杂物的尺寸。纳米复合材料中发生的反应也通过热分析来表征。研究将生成的粉末着火的方法,方法是将它们聚结到电加热的灯丝上。恒定体积爆炸实验用于表征所生产粉末的燃烧性能。通过X射线粉末衍射研究所产生的粉末的组成及其燃烧产物。建立了燃烧性能与材料特性之间的关系。观察到富铝Al-CuO纳米复合粉末的点火在850±10 K时发生,与愈合速率无关。

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