Pretreatment: The sizing operations

摘要

The textile wet processing comprises mainly three operations: 1. The pretreatments include cleaning of fibre material and making it uniformly receptive to chemicals, dyes and auxiliaries. 2. The colouration includes overall or localised application of dyestuffs and pigments; i.e., dyeing or printing. 3. The finishing includes value addition processes of mechanical or chemical nature, which may be temporary or permanent effects. All these are essential taking into consideration the ever rising standard of living, the fashion trends, modern thinking and so on. Additionally now, the industry as well as the consumer of textiles is aware and alert about the toxicological and environmental effects of what he is wearing.