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The mechanical environment of chondrocytes in articular cartilage

机译:软骨软骨细胞的机械环境

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摘要

There is a growing literature concerning chondrocyte responses to mechanical loading, but relatively little is known about the mechanical environment these cells experience in a living joint. Calculations indicate that high forces are applied to limb joints whenever the joints are flexed, because flexion can cause body weight to act on long lever arms compared to the joint centre, whereas the muscles which extend the joint act on much shorter lever arms. As a result, joint reaction forces (which compress the cartilage) can rise to 3-6 times body weight during activities such as stair climbing. Articular cartilage tends to spread this load evenly over the joint surface, but is too thin to do this well, and compressive stresses can rise to 10-20 MPa. Within cartilage, matrix stresses vary locally, possibly as a result of variation in composition or undulations in the subchondral bone, and further modifications of stress occur within each chondron. Articular cartilage is a fibrous solid and cells within it are deformed by mechanical loading rather than subjected to a hydrostatic pressure. The mechanical environment of chondrocytes can best be reproduced in vitro by direct compression of the articular surface of cartilage which is supported naturally by adjacent cartilage and subchondral bone.
机译:关于软骨细胞对机械负荷的反应的文献越来越多,但是对于这些细胞在活关节中所经历的机械环境的了解相对较少。计算表明,每当关节弯曲时,就会对肢体关节施加较大的力,因为与关节中心相比,屈曲会导致体重作用在较长的杠杆臂上,而伸展关节的肌肉作用在较短的杠杆臂上。结果,在爬楼梯等活动中,关节反作用力(压缩软骨)会上升到体重的3-6倍。关节软骨倾向于将此载荷均匀地分布在关节表面上,但是太薄而不能很好地做到这一点,压缩应力可能会上升到10-20 MPa。在软骨内,基质应力可能是局部变化,可能是软骨下骨中成分变化或起伏变化的结果,并且每个软骨内部都发生了应力的进一步变化。关节软骨是一种纤维状固体,其内部的细胞会因机械负荷而变形,而不是承受静水压力。软骨细胞的机械环境最好通过直接压迫软骨的关节表面而在体外复制,而软骨的关节表面自然受到相邻软骨和软骨下骨的支持。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Biorheology》 |2006年第4期|p.537-545|共9页
  • 作者

    Michael A. Adams;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Anatomy, University of Bristol, Southwell Street, Bristol BS2 8EJ, UK;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 生物科学;
  • 关键词

    cartilage; mechanics; mechanobiology; matrix; stress;

    机译:软骨;力学;力学生物学;矩阵;​​应力;
  • 入库时间 2022-08-18 01:12:01

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