Characterization of feline serum ferritin-binding proteins: the presence of a novel ferritin-binding protein as an inhibitory factor in feline ferritin immunoassay

摘要

Ferritin-binding proteins (FBPs) such as anti-ferritin antibody, α-2-macroglobulin, apolipoprotein B are expected to interact with circulating ferritin to eliminate it from circulation. However, we found that feline serum more strongly inhibits the detection of canine liver ferritin by immunoassay than its apoferritin; putative FBPs probably conceal ferritin epitopes detected by anti-ferritin antibodies. After complex formation between affinity-purified FBPs and canine liver ferritin, co-immunoprecipitates of the complex by anti-bovine spleen ferritin antibody were found to contain autoantibodies (IgG, IgM, and IgA) to ferritin by immunoblot analysis with antibodies specific for feline IgG, IgM, and IgA. On the other hand, affinity-purified samples did not show any inhibitory effect in the ferritin immunoassay. This result shows that feline serum has another FBP, which inhibits ferritin immunoassays, but not anti-ferritin autoantibody. A feline FBP was partially purified from feline serum by (NH4)2SO4 fractionation (33–50%), gel filtration chromatography, and anion exchange chromatography. After binding of the partially purified sample with canine liver ferritin coupled-Sepharose gel, the FBP was separated and purified from complexes formed in a native-PAGE gel. SDS–PAGE analysis showed that the purified FBP is a homomultimer composed of 31 kDa monomeric subunits connected by intermolecular disulfide bonds. Detection of feline liver ferritin by immunoassay was inhibited by FBP in a dose-dependent manner. The purified protein molecules appeared to be conglomerate of pentraxin-like molecules by its electron micrographic appearance. These results demonstrate that feline serum contains a novel FBP as inhibitory factor of ferritin immunoassay with different molecular properties from those of other mammalian FBPs, in addition to auto-antibodies (IgG, IgM, and IgA) to ferritin.