トヨタ生産方式の他業種への波及：地方自治体を中心に

摘要

自動車工場は，自動車を生産するだけでなく，数々の経営手法をも生産してきた歴史がある．とりわけ1980年代以降，トヨタ自動車（以下トヨタ）は研究者やコンサルタントから研究対象とされ，そこから多数の経営理論や業務支援ソフトが生み出された．また製造業，サービス業，公的部門に至るまで，トヨタの経営手法，具体的にはトヨタ生産方式（TPS），全社的品質経営（TQM）などが，さまざまな分野の組織に波及してきた．%It is widely known that various organizations have adopted Toyota Production System (TPS) as a tool of improving their productivity. We focus on the case of local governments which try to adopt TPS. By using interviews and questionnaire surveys, we have found that adopting TPS induces learning effects, rather than operational benefits. Thus many local governments realized their organizational weak points and necessity for changing themselves through adopting TPS. On the basis of these observations, it is desirable to build their original road map to solve their specific problems in the next step.