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Growing R&D Collaboration of Japanese Firms and Policy Implications for Reforming the National Innovation System

机译:日本企业不断加强的研发合作及其对国家创新体系改革的政策启示

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Japan's innovation system is often characterized as one dominated by in-house research and development (R&D) by large firms, but recently, more and more firms are involved in R&D collaborations due to the vigorous international innovation competitions and the increasing complexity of R&D. This study examines the role of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) in this change, by performing quantitative analyses using RIETI's R&D External Collaboration Survey. First, it is found that SMEs have gained high R&D productivity through university industry collaborations (UICs). Absorptive capacity theory suggests large firms with internal R&D resources are good at UIC activities as well. However a growing trend of UICs is found in small firms or new technology-based firms (NTBFs), which focus on focused R&D such as specific product development projects. Furthermore, these types of small firms play an important role as partners of large firms' R&D collaborations. For large enterprises that are increasingly selecting and focusing on areas of in-house R&D, there is a great incentive to collaborate with NTBFs with unique technologies. In this sense, NTBFs play a central role in changing Japan's national innovation system from an in-house system to a network based one. Policy implications for accelerating this change are also discussed.
机译:日本的创新体系通常被大公司内部研发(R&D)所主导,但是由于激烈的国际创新竞争和R&D的复杂性,越来越多的公司参与了R&D合作。本研究通过使用RIETI的R&D外部合作调查进行定量分析,研究了中小企业在这种变化中的作用。首先,发现中小企业通过大学行业合作(UIC)获得了很高的研发生产率。吸收能力理论表明,具有内部研发资源的大型公司也擅长于UIC活动。但是,在小型公司或基于新技术的公司(NTBF)中发现UIC的增长趋势,这些公司专注于特定产品研发项目等重点R&D。此外,这些类型的小公司作为大公司R&D合作的合作伙伴也发挥着重要作用。对于越来越多地选择并专注于内部研发领域的大型企业,有很大的动力去与具有独特技术的NTBF合作。从这个意义上讲,NTBF在将日本的国家创新系统从内部系统转变为基于网络的系统中发挥着核心作用。还讨论了加速此更改的政策含义。

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