The effect of late reflections form above and behind on listener envelopment

摘要

New experiments have investigated the effect on perceived listener envelopment of late- arriving sound from above and behind the listener using simulated sound fields. In all cases, the listener envelopment was found to be principally related to the cosine-squared weighted late-arriving sound energy. The late lateral sound level measure, that incorporates a cosine- squared weighting, was concluded to be a practical indicator of the amount of listener envel- opment in concert halls for sound arriving from all directions.