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Calculation of the cross spectral matrix with Daniell's method and application to acoustical beamforming

机译:丹尼尔方法计算交叉谱矩阵及其在声束形成中的应用

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In microphone array techniques the cross spectral matrix is used to localize acoustic sources. In this paper Daniell's method is revisited to average the cross spectral matrix of the sensor signals in the frequency domain. It is shown that this method leads to similar results as an averaging in the time domain with Welch's method concerning the reduction of variance, the correlations between different sources and the localization of multiple sources. Furthermore, the phase information of the sensor signals during the averaging process is analyzed. The correct estimation of the cross spectral matrix is necessary for calculating the true sound pressure level of multiple sources with standard and advanced beamforming methods. Lastly, the application to acoustical beamforming is shown by using simulated and experimental data of uncorrelated sources for different averaging window sizes. Simulated and measured, stationary and rotating sound sources are examined. Especially for rotating sound sources an averaging in the frequency domain is useful due to different source positions in different time segments as a result of the source motion. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译:在麦克风阵列技术中,交叉频谱矩阵用于定位声源。在本文中,丹尼尔(Daniell)的方法被重新研究以对频域中传感器信号的互谱矩阵求平均。结果表明,该方法所产生的结果与使用Welch方法进行时域平均得到的结果类似,该方法涉及方差的减小,不同源之间的相关性以及多个源的本地化。此外,分析了平均过程中传感器信号的相位信息。交叉谱矩阵的正确估计对于使用标准和高级波束形成方法计算多个源的真实声压级是必要的。最后,针对不同的平均窗口大小,使用不相关源的模拟和实验数据显示了声束成形的应用。模拟并测量了固定和旋转声源。特别是对于旋转声源,由于源运动在不同时间段中的不同声源位置,因此在频域中平均是有用的。 (C)2017 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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