We present an efficient, stable, recursive T-matrix algorithm to calculate the scattered field from a heterogeneous collection of spatially separated objects. The algorithm is based on the use of higher order multipole expansions than those typically employed in recursive T-matrix techniques. The use of these expansions introduces instability in the recursions developed by Chew (1990) and by Wang and Chew (1990), specifically in the case of near-field computations. By modifying the original recursive algorithm to avoid these instabilities, we arrive at a flexible and efficient forward solver appropriate for a variety of scattering calculations. The algorithm can be applied when the objects are dielectric, metallic, or a mixture of both. We verify this method for cases where the scatterers are electrically small (fraction of a wavelength) or relatively large (12/spl lambda/). While developed for near-field calculation, this approach is applicable for far-field problems as well. Finally, we demonstrate that the computational complexity of this approach compares favorably with comparable recursive algorithms.
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