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Detection and Quantification of Trace Organic Contaminants in Water Using the FT-IR-Attenuated Total Reflectance Technique

机译:FT-IR增强全反射技术检测和量化水中的痕量有机污染物

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摘要

The Fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflec-ntance (FT-IR-ATR) technique has been used to detect andnquantify the following volatile organic compounds (VOCs)nin water: 1,1,1,2-tetrachloroethane, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-nethane, styrene, and tetrachloroethylene, among which thenfirst three compounds were investigated at parts pernmillion levels for the first time. Enhancement of thendetection was made by (1) coating the ATR crystal with anhydrophobic polymer membrane, (2) optimizing the flownrate of the sample solution, (3) varying polymer mem-nbrane thickness, and (4) increasing the number of reflec-ntion bounces within the ATR crystal. Our flow ratenoptimization confirmed a previous finding that turbulentnflow is more favorable than laminar flow in detecting thenVOCs in water. However, decreases of ATR signal intensitynwere observed at very high turbulency due to analytesnflowing too quickly through and exiting the ATR cell to benadsorbed onto the polymer membrane. The optimalnmembrane thickness was found to be associated with thenmaximum overlap between the IR evanescent wave pen-netration depth and the analyte diffusion depth. Conse-nquently, there is no universal optimal flow rate andnoptimal polymer membrane thickness for detection of allnVOCs. Doubling the number of IR reflection bouncesnwithin the ATR crystal enhanced both detection andnsensitivity by about a factor of 2. Finally, it was observednthat the detection limit concentrations decrease with thenwater solubility of the VOCs.
机译:傅里叶变换红外衰减全反射(FT-IR-ATR)技术已用于检测和量化水中的以下挥发性有机化合物(VOC):1,1,1,2-四氯乙烷,1,1,2 ,2-四氯乙烷,苯乙烯和四氯乙烯,其中第一次对三种化合物进行了百万分之几的研究。通过(1)用疏水性聚合物膜包被ATR晶体,(2)优化样品溶液的沉淀率,(3)改变聚合物膜厚度和(4)增加反射次数来提高检测的准确性。在ATR晶体内反弹。我们的流率优化证实了先前的发现,即湍流比层流更有利于检测水中的VOC。但是,由于分析物过快地穿过和离开ATR池而无法吸附到聚合物膜上,因此在非常高的湍流下会观察到ATR信号强度的降低。发现最佳膜厚度与IR e逝波穿透深度和分析物扩散深度之间的最大重叠有关。因此,没有通用的最佳流动速率和最佳的聚合物膜厚度来检测allnVOC。将ATR晶体中的红外反射反弹次数加倍,可将检测和灵敏度提高约2倍。最后,观察到检测极限浓度随VOC的水溶性而降低。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Analytical Chemistry》 |2010年第2期|p.505-515|共11页
  • 作者

    Wendy Lin and Zhuangjie L;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, California 92834;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 13:36:30

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