Committee Report: Disinfection Survey, Part 1-Recent changes, current practices, and water quality

摘要

In 2007, the AWWA Disinfection Systems Committee conducted its fourth survey of drinking water disinfection practices. This first-time online survey presented new challenges and benefits. Compared with the 1998 survey, fewer small systems (those serving populations < 10,000 people) responded and more mid-sized to large groundwater systems responded. Ninety-eight percent of respondents reported providing disinfected water. Chlorine gas remained the predominant disinfectant, used by 63% of respondents. Use rates for chloramine (30%), chlorine dioxide (8%), ozone (9%), and ultraviolet light (2%) increased from the prior survey. "Disinfection Contact-In Plant" (assumed for microbial inactivation) was the most frequently cited treatment. Almost half of respondents cited disinfection-related changes since the last survey. Survey respondents appear compliant with current microbial and disinfection by-product regulatory requirements and well positioned for compliance with future requirements.