Status and Trends on Sci-Tech Development of Agricultural Machinery in China

摘要

Agricultural machinery, as the material basis for developing modern agriculture, is an indispensable means for improving agricultural production efficiency, transforming the agricultural development pattern, enhancing the comprehensive competitiveness of agriculture, and ensuring national food security and effective supply of agricultural products. In recent years, in the process of rapid socio-economic growth in rural China, with the effective implementation of agriculture and farmers-friendly policies, agricultural machinery has become a most dynamic industry in the whole machinery sector in the country with daily improved research capacities and industrial technologies, and greatly enlarged product varieties and industrial scale. Under the new circumstances in the country, with the urbanization being accelerated and the rural labor increasingly transferred, development of farm machines suitable for the national conditions in the process of agricultural mechanization shall be the fundamental approach to solve the problem of "Who farm and how to farm", in order to meet the requirements in building up the modern agriculture with a sound mode and in a vertical direction. In this review, the paper describes the achievements made in the agricultural machinery and agricultural mechanization, the implementation of the key Sci-Tech planning projects, the innovation of basic applied technologies and key common products, as well as the establishment of four-in-one industrial chain innovation system covering projects, bases, personnel and mechanism in China. It also summarizes the development of the major technologies and products from 7 perspectives such as precision farming and intelligent technologies, farm power and tractors, multifunctional working machines, harvesters, livestock machinery, agro-products and food processing equipment, and agro-forest biomass utilization equipment. In conclusion, the paper indicates the future trends and priorities in the sci-tech development of the agricultural machinery in China from the following four aspects: Strengthening basic research and advancing original innovative capabilities, developing key common technologies and equipment for sound supply of domestic agricultural machinery, upgrading the productivity and quality of high-end equipment, and accelerating going-global for agricultural engineering in the process of the internationalization.