Binding SnO_2 Nanocrystals in Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Sheets as Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries

摘要

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been intensively utilized in portable electronics and show significant promise for applications in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), electric vehicles (EVs), and smart grids.~([1-13]) SnO_2-based nanomaterials have attracted considerable attention as potential substitutes for graphite because of their numerous appealing features, including low cost, abundance, environmental benignity, and high theoretical capacity (1494 mA h g~(-1)), which is about four times that of graphite.~([14,15])