Spatiotemporally Synchronous Oxygen Self-Supply and Reactive Oxygen Species Production on Z-Scheme Heterostructures for Hypoxic Tumor Therapy

摘要

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) efficacy has been severely limited by oxygen (O-2) deficiency in tumors and the electron-hole separation inefficiency in photosensitizers, especially the long-range diffusion of O-2 toward photosensitizers during the PDT process. Herein, novel bismuth sulfide (Bi2S3)@bismuth (Bi) Z-scheme heterostructured nanorods (NRs) are designed to realize the spatiotemporally synchronous O-2 self-supply and production of reactive oxygen species for hypoxic tumor therapy. Both narrow-bandgap Bi2S3 and Bi components can be excited by a near-infrared laser to generate abundant electrons and holes. The Z-scheme heterostructure endows Bi2S3@Bi NRs with an efficient electron-hole separation ability and potent redox potentials, where the hole on the valence band of Bi2S3 can react with water to supply O-2 for the electron on the conduction band of Bi to produce reactive oxygen species. The Bi2S3@Bi NRs overcome the major obstacles of conventional photosensitizers during the PDT process and exhibit a promising phototherapeutic effect, supplying a new strategy for hypoxic tumor elimination.