A series of single point scratch tests have been performed on soda-lime glass slides using spheri- cal and conical diamond indenters. The conical indenters had different apex angles, 2θ. The force ratio (horizontal to normal) is independent of normal load or driving speed, but increases linearly with cot θ, in- dicating a plowing mechanism in which the scratch hardness(normal load divided by one half of the verti- cally projected contact area) is equal to the plowing stress(horizontal force divided by the horizontally projected contact area). As the driving speed increases, the width of the scratch decreases so both the scratch hardness and the plowing stress increase proportionally while the crack density decreases.
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