Architecting Internet of Things Systems with Blockchain: A Catalog of Tactics

摘要

Blockchain offers a distributed ledger to record data collected from Internet of Thing (IoT) devices as immutable and tamper-proof transactions and securely shared among authorized participants in a Peer-to-Peer (P2P) network. Despite the growing interest in using blockchain for securing IoT systems, there is a general lack of systematic research and comprehensive review of the design issues on the integration of blockchain and IoT from the software architecture perspective. This article presents a catalog of architectural tactics for the design of IoT systems supported by blockchain as a result of a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) on IoT and blockchain to extract the commonly reported quality attributes, design decisions, and relevant architectural tactics for the architectural design of this category of systems. Our findings are threefold: (ⅰ) identification of security, scalability, performance, and interoperability as the commonly reported quality attributes; (ⅱ) a catalog of twelve architectural tactics for the design of IoT systems supported by blockchain; and (ⅲ) gaps in research that include tradeoffs among quality attributes and identified tactics. These tactics might provide architects and designers with different options when searching for an optimal architectural design that meets the quality attributes of interest and constraints of a system.