Non-GPS Positioning Systems: A Survey

摘要

An enormous amount of research has been conducted in the area of positioning systems and thus it calls for a detailed literature review of recent localization systems. This article focuses on recent developments of non-Global Positioning System (GPS) localization/positioning systems. We have presented a new hierarchical method to classify various positioning systems. A comprehensive performance comparison of the techniques and technologies against multiple performance metrics along with the limitations is presented. A few indoor positioning systems have emerged as more successful in particular application environments than others, which are presented at the end.