Testing and Analysis of Trimmer Brackets (Headers) Incorporated within Hollow-Core Floors

David F. Hodge; Brian D. ORourke; John J. Murphy; Joseph R. Harrington

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Testing and Analysis of Trimmer Brackets (Headers) Incorporated within Hollow-Core Floors

机译：空心地板中微调支架（割台）的测试和分析

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摘要

One method of forming large openings within hollow-core (HC) floors is to use steel trimmer brackets (headers). These brackets span between slabs on either side of an opening, thereby providing support for a shorter slab. These brackets are referred to in design documents such as the Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute (PCI) Manual for the Design of Hollow Core Slabs, but no clear guidance is given on their design. While it is clear that the bracket has to support the self-weight of the slab, it is unclear what level of additional live load is supported by the bracket once the concrete keyway joints between the slabs are filled and have gained strength. This paper details a testing program and an extensive finite element (FE) analysis study that have been undertaken to establish the magnitude of live loads applied to the brackets together with the load-transfer interaction at the slab bracket interface.

机译：在空心（HC）地板上形成大开口的一种方法是使用钢制修剪器托架（割台）。这些托架跨在开口两侧的平板之间，从而为较短的平板提供支撑。这些支架在设计文档中有所提及，例如《空心空心板设计的预制/预应力混凝土学会（PCI）手册》，但没有给出明确的设计指南。虽然很明显，托架必须支撑板的自重，但不清楚一旦板之间的混凝土键槽接头填满并获得了强度，托架就可以支撑多少水平的附加活荷载。本文详细介绍了一个测试程序和广泛的有限元（FE）分析研究，以确定施加在支架上的活荷载的大小以及板支架界面处的荷载传递相互作用。

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《ACI Structural Journal》 |2016年第6期|1153-1164|共12页
作者
David F. Hodge; Brian D. ORourke; John J. Murphy; Joseph R. Harrington;
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作者单位

Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering at Cork Institute of Technology, Cork, Ireland;

Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering at Cork Institute of Technology;

Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering at Cork Institute of Technology;

School of Building and Civil Engineering at Cork Institute of Technology;

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收录信息美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
原文格式 PDF
正文语种 eng
中图分类
关键词
finite element analysis; headers; hollow core; precast concrete; trimmer brackets;

机译：有限元分析;标头;空心;预制混凝土微调支架;

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1. Tests to Determine the Lateral Distribution of Vertical Loads in a Long-Span Hollow-Core Floor Assembly [J] . Donald W. Pfeifer, Theodore A. Nelson PCI journal . 1983,第6期

机译：确定大跨度空心芯楼板组合中垂直载荷的横向分布的测试
2. Tests to Determine the Lateral Distribution of Vertical Loads in a Long-Span Hollow-Core Floor Assembly [J] . Donald W. Pfeifer, Theodore A. Nelson PCI journal . 1983,第6期

机译：确定大跨度空心芯楼板组合中垂直载荷的横向分布的测试
3. Two Technologies to Be Transferred Wall Trimmer Floor Trimmer [J] . 中国对外贸易（英文版） . 2007,第019期

机译：两种要转让的技术：壁式修剪器和地板式修剪器
4. Multi-Shaker Modal Testing and Modal Identification of Hollow-Core Floor System [C] . Atheer F. Hameed, Aleksandar Pavic IMAC Conference and Exposition on Structural Dynamics . 2016

机译：空心核心地板系统的多振动器模态测试和模态识别
5. Fire resistance tests on cross-laminated timber floor panels: An experimental and numerical analysis. [D] . Aguanno, Marc. 2013

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机译：测试牛过敏：修改后的诊断临界值水平可提高对症羊角修剪器的敏感性
7. Decision-making is the process of analyzing information about a problem situation and comparing it to a specific conclusion in order to solve a specific problematic (Yıkılmaz, 2001; Miller and Byrnes, 2001). Decision-making styles are a mechanism that is influenced by the internal and external conditions that determine the direction of the decisions of the individual, the content of the decision-making process, and the outcome of the decision-making process (Payne, Bettman and Johson, 1993; Bavol’ár and Orosová, 2015). ACT is a contemporary member of the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy family. ACT (Acceptance and commitment therapy) has both similar and different directions with Behavioral Therapies and Cognitive Therapies (Herbet and Forman, 2011; Hayes, 2004). KKT responds to classical behavioral treatments using both existential and cognitive approaches in the analysis of behavior. KKT is a science wing that tries to solve human problems with a wider perspective aimed at solving problematic human behaviors (Plumb, Stewart, Dahl and Lundgren, 2009). It is seen that there is very little research about the new approach of ACT approach when the aiming country of our country is screened and it is thought that our country will contribute to the field of psychological counseling with the work done. In the scope of the research, experimental and control groups and preliminary test, post-test and follow-up measurements of 2x3 experimental design were used. The study's study group consists of a total of 24 (12 experimental and 12 control groups) university students studying in different departments and levels, continuing their education in the academic year of 2015-2016 in Ağrı province and İbrahim Chechen University in 2015-2016 academic year. The average age of participants in the experiment and control group is 20. 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Participants in the experimental and control groups; homogeneity test results for decision-style pre-test measurements indicate that the data are homogeneous. According to the results of the Mauchly Globalness Test, it has been determined that working supports the hypothesis. It was determined that there was no significant difference between the pre-test scores obtained from dependent decision-making style of experiment and control groups, but the test group showed lower mean scores at the significant level within the scores of post-test and follow-up tests. Therefore, it can be said that the ACT-oriented psychoeducation program applied to the experimental group reduces the dependent decision-making style scores from the decision style sub-dimensions and the psychoeducation program has a lasting effect. 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机译：决策是分析有关问题情况的信息并将其与特定结论进行比较的过程，以解决特定的问题（Yıkılmaz，2001; Miller和Byrnes，2001）。决策风格是一种机制，受到内部和外部条件的影响，确定个人决定的方向，决策过程的内容以及决策过程的结果（PAYNE，BETTMAN和BEDNE） Johson，1993;Bavol'ár和奥萨洛瓦，2015）。法案是认知行为治疗家庭的当代成员。行为（验收和承诺治疗）具有与行为疗法和认知疗法的类似和不同方向（Herbet和Forman，2011; Hayes，2004）。 KKT在分析行为中使用存在性和认知方法来响应古典行为治疗方法。 KKT是一个科学翼，试图解决人类问题，旨在解决有问题的人类行为（铅垂，斯图尔特，Dahl和Lundgren，2009）。有人认为，当我们国家的瞄准国家进行筛选时，有关行动方法的新方法几乎没有研究，并且认为我们的国家将为完成工作做出贡献的心理咨询领域。在研究的范围内，使用实验和对照组和初步测试，使用后测试和后续测量的2x3实验设计。该研究的研究小组包括共24名（12个实验和12个对照组）大学学生在不同的部门和水平上学习，在2015-2016学术上继续进行2015-2016的学术年度2015-2016学年年。实验和对照组参与者的平均年龄是20.实验组中有12名参与者，7名女性和5名男性，12名参与者，7名女性和5名男性。研究人员准备的个人信息表格和决策制定风格规模在研究中使用。为了决定在分析数据的过程中使用的测试，参与者的决策风格刻度预测的分数主要在实验和对照组中进行，分析了参数的基本期望吗？测试得到了回答。由于对实验和对照组给出了从决策曲调标度获得的分数，偏移和峰度分子系数。确定该分布是正常的在成熟的-WILK试验结果中，其中每亚级的偏差和刚度系数在-1到+1之间排名。实验和对照组的参与者;决策式预测测量的同质性测试结果表明数据是均匀的。根据毛毛环保试验的结果，已确定工作支持假设。据确定，从依赖决策风格的实验和对照组获得的预测分数之间没有显着差异，但测试组在测试后的分数内显示出较低的平均分数和后续的分数 - 测试。因此，可以说，应用于实验组的面向活动的心理教育程序减少了决策风格子维度的依赖决策风格分数，并且心理教育程序具有持久的效果。据确定，从实验和对照组自发决策风格获得的预测试，测试后和后续评分之间没有显着差异。因此，可以说这种情况不会导致从应用于实验组的活动导向的心理教育程序的决策风格分数的自发决策风格分数显着差异。行为的心理教育计划在个人直观的决策风格下降，但这种减少并没有产生显着的差异。因此，可以说，这种情况不会在从应用于实验组的KKT导向的心理教育程序的决策风格分数中产生有意义的决策风格分数。从实验和对照组的理性决策风格获得的预测分数显示后检验后和随访评分之间存在差异，但这种差异并不重要。由于分析，确定测试组的理性决策风格较高，而不是后测试和后续分数的预测分数，而对照组合理决策风格的后测试和后续测试分数显示出与预测试分数相比的减少。预测分数。决策款式扩展避免决策由于分析了预测试，测试后和后续措施的班次评分的平均分数，发现群体效应是微不足道的。确定实验和对照组从避免决策风格获得的预测评分中显着不同，但在测试后和后续测试的分数内没有显示出任何重大变化。
8. Analysis of an Active Charge/Passive Discharge Solar Space Conditioning System Employing Air Collectors and Hollow-Core Concrete Block Floor [R] . Short, W., Kutscher, C. F. 1984

机译：利用空气收集器和空心混凝土砌块底板的主动充放电太阳能空间调节系统分析

Testing and Analysis of Trimmer Brackets (Headers) Incorporated within Hollow-Core Floors

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