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Simple Aesthetic Sense and Addiction Emerge in Neural Relations of Cost-Benefit Decision in Foraging

机译:觅食成本效益决策的神经关系中简单的审美意识和沉迷感

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摘要

ASIMOV’s neural network of foraging decision. In the modified decision network from Cyberslug , Appetitive State (feeding network excitation) sums intrinsic and learned stimulus values as Incentive with motivation (Satiation) to regulate turn response direction. In parallel, a map of stimuli (Somatic Map) from the animal’s oral veil sets turn amplitude. Incentive sums sensory inputs predicting nutritional value (Resource Signal) with learned positive and negative values of prey odor signatures (R + and R-), and is then integrated with motivation, Reward Experience, and Pain into Appetitive State (Feeding Network excitation). Positive and negative classical learning occur by outputs from the feeding network operating in approach or avoidance modes, respectively. The Homeostatic Reward Circuit (HRC) mediates habituation to rewarding cues, the basis of Drug desensitization and withdrawal. HRC integrates rewards from prey consumption as Reward Experience and reduces Appetitive State in negative feedback. HRC comprises two connected rate-based neurons, R and M. R receives and amplifies reward output from Feeding Network. Neuron M expresses homeostatic plasticity, habituating to reward. M’s activity is a product of the dynamic synaptic weight W and neuron R’s activity. HRC activity lies in reciprocal inhibition with the Pain Center output; higher levels of pain suppress Appetitive State and cause aversion to painful stimuli. Thus, pain’s suppressive effect is reduced by positive reward output from HRC.
机译:ASIMOV的觅食决策神经网络。在来自Cyber​​slug的经过修改的决策网络中,“竞争状态”(反馈网络激励)将内在和学习的刺激值相加为“动机激励”(激励),以调节转弯反应方向。同时,来自动物口腔的刺激图(体细胞图)设定了转弯幅度。奖励措施将感官输入与预测的营养价值(资源信号)相结合,以了解猎物气味特征的正负值(R +和R-),然后将其与动机,奖励经验和痛苦综合成食欲状态(喂养网络激励)。正向和负向经典学习是通过进料网络的输出分别以接近或避免模式运行而发生的。体内平衡奖励回路(HRC)将习惯化转变为奖励线索,这是药物脱敏和戒断的基础。 HRC将来自猎物消费的奖励整合为奖励体验,并减少负面反馈中的食欲状态。 HRC由两个连接的基于速率的神经元R和M组成。R接收并放大Feeding Network的奖励输出。神经元M表达稳态可塑性,习惯于奖励。 M的活动是动态突触重量W和神经元R的活动的产物。 HRC活动与疼痛中心输出互为抑制;较高水平的疼痛会抑制食欲状态,并引起对疼痛刺激的厌恶。因此,HRC的积极回报会减轻疼痛的抑制作用。

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