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Smart patterned surfaces with programmable thermal emissivity and their design through combinatorial strategies

机译:具有可编程热发射率的智能化图案表面及其组合策略设计

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摘要

The emissivity of common materials remains constant with temperature variations, and cannot drastically change. However, it is possible to design its entire behaviour as a function of temperature, and to significantly alter the thermal emissivity of a surface through the combination of different patterns and materials. We show that smart patterned surfaces consisting of smaller structures (motifs) may be designed to respond uniquely through combinatorial strategies by transforming themselves. The smart surfaces can passively manipulate thermal radiation—without the use of electronics—because their modus operandi has already been programmed into their intrinsic characteristics; the environment provides the energy required for their activation. Each motif emits thermal radiation in a certain manner, as it changes its geometry; however, the spatial distribution of these motifs causes them to interact with each other. Therefore, their combination and interaction determine the global behaviour of the surfaces, thus enabling their a priori design. The emissivity behaviour is not random; it is determined by two fundamental parameters, namely the combination of orientations in which the motifs open (n-fold rotational symmetry) and the combination of materials (colours) on the motifs; these generate functions which fully determine the dependency of the emissivity on the temperature.
机译:普通材料的发射率随温度变化而保持恒定,并且不会急剧变化。但是,可以将其整个行为设计为温度的函数,并通过不同图案和材料的组合来显着改变表面的热发射率。我们表明,由较小的结构(图案)组成的智能化图案化表面可以设计成通过转换自身的组合策略来唯一地响应。智能表面可以被动地控制热辐射,而无需使用电子设备,因为它们的操作方式已经被编程为其固有特性。环境提供了激活它们所需的能量。每个图案随着其几何形状的变化以某种方式发出热辐射。然而,这些图案的空间分布使它们彼此相互作用。因此,它们的结合和相互作用决定了表面的整体行为,从而使它们能够进行先验设计。发射率行为不是随机的。它由两个基本参数确定,即图案打开的方向的组合(n折旋转对称)和图案上材料(颜色)的组合;这些产生的功能完全确定发射率对温度的依赖性。

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