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Disturbances of Time Consciousness From a Phenomenological and a Neuroscientific Perspective

机译:从现象学和神经科学的角度看时间意识的困扰

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摘要

The subjective experience of time is a fundamental constituent of human consciousness and can be disturbed under conditions of mental disorders such as schizophrenia or affective disorders. Besides the scientific domain of psychiatry, time consciousness is a topic that has been extensively studied both by theoretical philosophy and cognitive neuroscience. It can be shown that both approaches exemplified by the philosophical analysis of time consciousness (Husserl) and the neuroscientific theory of cross-temporal contingencies (binding of cognitive processes over time) as the neurophysiological basis of human consciousness implemented in the prefrontal cortex (Fuster) converge in 2 respects. Firstly, a tripartite conception of consciousness divides human cognition in 3 different temporal domains comprising retention, presentation, and protention (Husserl) and the past, the present, and the future corresponding to working memory, interference control, and preparatory set (Fuster). Secondly, both concepts refer to the present as an extended duration that integrates information from the recent past and the future. We propose that the integration of phenomenological and neuroscientific approaches can stimulate the development of enriched pathophysiological concepts of mental disorders. This approach appears to be particularly fruitful with respect to schizophrenia that is interpreted as a structural disturbance of time consciousness.
机译:时间的主观经验是人类意识的基本组成部分,在诸如精神分裂症或情感障碍等精神疾病的情况下可能会受到干扰。除了精神病学的科学领域外,时间意识是理论哲学和认知神经科学都已广泛研究的话题。可以证明,这两种方法均以时间意识的哲学分析(Husserl)和跨时态偶发事件的神经科学理论(随时间推移的认知过程的结合)为例证,这是在前额叶皮层中实现的人类意识的神经生理学基础(Fuster)在两个方面融合。首先,意识的三方性将人类认知划分为三个不同的时域,包括保留,呈现和倾向(胡塞尔)以及过去,现在和未来,分别对应于工作记忆,干扰控制和准备集(Fuster)。其次,这两个概念都将当前称为扩展的持续时间,它整合了来自最近的过去和未来的信息。我们建议,现象学和神经科学方法的整合可以刺激精神疾病丰富的病理生理学概念的发展。对于精神分裂症而言,这种方法似乎特别有用,精神分裂症被解释为对时间意识的结构性干扰。

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