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Emerging Heterogeneities in Italian Customs and Comparison with Nearby Countries

机译:意大利风俗中的新兴异质性及其与周边国家的比较

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摘要

In this work we apply techniques and modus operandi typical of Statistical Mechanics to a large dataset about key social quantifiers and compare the resulting behaviors of five European nations, namely France, Germany, Italy, Spain and Switzerland. The social quantifiers considered are i. the evolution of the number of autochthonous marriages (i.e., between two natives) within a given territorial district and ii. the evolution of the number of mixed marriages (i.e., between a native and an immigrant) within a given territorial district. Our investigations are twofold. From a theoretical perspective, we develop novel techniques, complementary to classical methods (e.g., historical series and logistic regression), in order to detect possible collective features underlying the empirical behaviors; from an experimental perspective, we evidence a clear outline for the evolution of the social quantifiers considered. The comparison between experimental results and theoretical predictions is excellent and allows speculating that France, Italy and Spain display a certain degree of internal heterogeneity, that is not found in Germany and Switzerland; such heterogeneity, quite mild in France and in Spain, is not negligible in Italy and highlights quantitative differences in the habits of Northern and Southern regions. These findings may suggest the persistence of two culturally distinct communities, long-term lasting heritages of different and well-established customs. Also, we find qualitative differences between the evolution of autochthonous and of mixed marriages: for the former imitation in decisional mechanisms seems to play a key role (and this results in a square root relation between the number of autochthonous marriages versus the percentage of possible couples inside that country), while for the latter the emerging behavior can be recovered (in most cases) with elementary models with no interactions, suggesting weak imitation patterns between natives and migrants (and this translates in a linear growth for the number of mixed marriages versus the percentage of possible mixed couples in the country). However, the case of mixed marriages displays a more complex phenomenology, where further details (e.g., the provenance and the status of migrants, linguistic barriers, etc.) should also be accounted for.
机译:在这项工作中,我们将统计力学常用的技术和方法运用于有关关键社会量词的大型数据集,并比较五个欧洲国家(即法国,德国,意大利,西班牙和瑞士)的行为。所考虑的社会量词是i。特定领土内的本地婚姻数量(即两个当地人之间的婚姻)数量的演变; ii。给定领地内混合婚姻(即本地人与移民之间)婚姻数量的演变。我们的调查是双重的。从理论上讲,我们开发了与经典方法相辅相成的新颖技术(例如历史序列和逻辑回归),以检测经验行为背后可能的集体特征;从实验的角度来看,我们为所考虑的社会量词的演变提供了清晰的轮廓。实验结果与理论预测值之间的比较非常出色,可以推测法国,意大利和西班牙表现出一定程度的内部异质性,这在德国和瑞士没有发现;这种异质性在法国和西班牙相当温和,在意大利却不容忽视,突显了北部和南部地区习惯的数量差异。这些发现可能表明存在着两个文化上截然不同的社区,这是具有不同传统的习俗的长期持久遗产。此外,我们发现了自发婚姻和混血婚姻之间的质的差异:因为前者在决策机制中的模仿似乎起着关键作用(这导致了自发婚姻的数量与可能的夫妻比例之间的平方根关系在该国内部),而对于后者而言,可以通过基本模型(没有相互作用)来恢复新出现的行为(在大多数情况下),这表明本地人和移民之间的模仿模式较弱(这意味着混合婚姻与该国可能混合的夫妻的百分比)。但是,混血婚姻的现象学更为复杂,还应考虑更多细节(例如移民的出身和地位,语言障碍等)。

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