首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Nutrients >Lipid-Induced Insulin Resistance in Skeletal Muscle: The Chase for the Culprit Goes from Total Intramuscular Fat to Lipid Intermediates and Finally to Species of Lipid Intermediates
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Lipid-Induced Insulin Resistance in Skeletal Muscle: The Chase for the Culprit Goes from Total Intramuscular Fat to Lipid Intermediates and Finally to Species of Lipid Intermediates

机译:脂质诱导的骨骼肌胰岛素抵抗:罪魁祸首的追根溯源是从总的肌内脂肪到脂质中间体最后到脂质中间体种类

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摘要

The skeletal muscle is the largest organ in the body. It plays a particularly pivotal role in glucose homeostasis, as it can account for up to 40% of the body and for up to 80%–90% of insulin-stimulated glucose disposal. Hence, insulin resistance (IR) in skeletal muscle has been a focus of much research and review. The fact that skeletal muscle IR precedes β-cell dysfunction makes it an ideal target for countering the diabetes epidemic. It is generally accepted that the accumulation of lipids in the skeletal muscle, due to dietary lipid oversupply, is closely linked with IR. Our understanding of this link between intramyocellular lipids (IMCL) and glycemic control has changed over the years. Initially, skeletal muscle IR was related to total IMCL. The inconsistencies in this explanation led to the discovery that particular lipid intermediates are more important than total IMCL. The two most commonly cited lipid intermediates for causing skeletal muscle IR are ceramides and diacylglycerol (DAG) in IMCL. Still, not all cases of IR and dysfunction in glycemic control have shown an increase in either or both of these lipids. In this review, we will summarise the latest research results that, using the lipidomics approach, have elucidated DAG and ceramide species that are involved in skeletal muscle IR in animal models and human subjects.
机译:骨骼肌是人体最大的器官。它在葡萄糖体内平衡中起着至关重要的作用,因为它可以占人体的40%,并占胰岛素刺激的葡萄糖处置的80%至90%。因此,骨骼肌中的胰岛素抵抗(IR)已成为许多研究和评论的重点。骨骼肌IR先于β细胞功能障碍,这一事实使其成为抵抗糖尿病流行的理想靶标。人们普遍认为,由于饮食中脂质供应过多,骨骼肌中脂质的积累与IR密切相关。多年来,我们对肌内脂质(IMCL)和血糖控制之间这种联系的理解已经改变。最初,骨骼肌IR与总IMCL有关。这种解释的不一致导致发现特定的脂质中间体比总的IMCL更重要。引起骨骼肌IR的两种最常引用的脂质中间体是IMCL中的神经酰胺和二酰基甘油(DAG)。但是,并非所有的IR和血糖控制功能障碍病例都显示出这些脂质中的一个或两个都增加。在这篇综述中,我们将总结最新的研究结果,该研究使用脂质组学方法阐明了在动物模型和人类受试者中参与骨骼肌IR的DAG和神经酰胺物质。

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