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Prominent Role of the Spinal Central Pattern Generator in the Recovery of Locomotion after Partial Spinal Cord Injuries

机译:脊髓中央模式发生器在部分脊髓损伤后运动恢复中的重要作用

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摘要

The re-expression of hindlimb locomotion after complete spinal cord injuries (SCIs) is caused by the presence of a spinal central pattern generator (CPG) for locomotion. After partial SCI, however, the role of this spinal CPG in the recovery of hindlimb locomotion in the cat remains mostly unknown. In the present work, we devised a dual-lesion paradigm to determine its possible contribution after partial SCI. After a partial section of the left thoracic segment T10 or T11, cats gradually recovered voluntary quadrupedal locomotion. Then, a complete transection was performed two to three segments more caudally (T13–L1) several weeks after the first partial lesion. Cats that received intensive treadmill training after the partial lesion expressed bilateral hindlimb locomotion within hours of the complete lesion. Untrained cats however showed asymmetrical hindlimb locomotion with the limb on the side of the partial lesion walking well before the other hindlimb. Thus, the complete spinalization revealed that the spinal CPG underwent plastic changes after the partial lesions, which were shaped by locomotor training. Over time, with further treadmill training, the asymmetry disappeared and a bilateral locomotion was reinstated. Therefore, although remnant intact descending pathways must contribute to voluntary goal-oriented locomotion after partial SCI, the recovery and re-expression of the hindlimb locomotor pattern mostly results from intrinsic changes below the lesion in the CPG and afferent inputs.
机译:完全脊髓损伤(SCI)后后肢运动的重新表达是由于存在用于运动的脊髓中央模式发生器(CPG)引起的。然而,在部分SCI后,这种脊柱CPG在猫后肢运动恢复中的作用仍然未知。在当前的工作中,我们设计了一种双病变范例,以确定其在部分SCI后可能的作用。在左胸段T10或T11的一部分切开后,猫逐渐恢复了自愿的四足运动。然后,在第一个部分病变的几周后,将尾部再完全切除两到三个节段(T13–L1)。在部分病变后接受强化跑步机训练的猫在完整病变后数小时内表现出双侧后肢运动。但是,未经训练的猫表现出不对称的后肢运动,部分病变一侧的肢体在另一个后肢之前走得很远。因此,完全的脊柱化表明脊柱CPG在局部损伤后经历了可塑性变化,局部损伤是由运动训练形成的。随着时间的流逝,在进一步的跑步机训练中,不对称性消失了,双侧运动得以恢复。因此,尽管部分SCI后残留的完整下降通道必须有助于自愿性的目标定向运动,但后肢运动模式的恢复和重新表达主要是由CPG病变下方的固有变化和传入输入引起的。

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