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Refinement of Hot Water Treatment for Management of Aphelenchoides fragariae in Strawberry

机译:改进热水处理技术处理草莓草莓

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摘要

The effects of hot water treatments on a California population of the foliar nematode, Aphelenchoides fragariae, and on five strawberry cuttivars ('Chandler', 'Douglas', 'Fern', 'Pajaro', and 'Selva') were assessed in laboratory and greenhouse tests. Nematodes extracted from fern leaves were placed in water maintained at 44.4, 46.1,47.7, or 49.4 C for different time periods. Exposure periods of 15, 5, 4, and 2 minutes were required to produce 100% mortality at 44.4, 46.1, 47.7, and 49.4 C, respectively. In a water bath, 4 minutes were required for strawberry crowns initially at 25 C to equilibrate with temperatures ranging from 44.4-54.4 C. The maximum exposure periods that did not significantly reduce subsequent plant growth and flowering were 30, 15, and 10 minutes, at 44.4, 46.1, and 47.7 C, respectively. Survival of Selva was lower (P = 0.05) than for the other cultivars. Treatment at 49.4 C for 5 minutes significantly reduced plant growth and flowering of all cultivars. The minimum-maximum exposure periods that killed A. fragariae without damaging the cultivars tested were 20-30 minutes at 44.4 C, 10-15 at 46.1 C, or 8-10 at 47.7 C.
机译:在实验室和实验室中评估了热水处理对加利福尼亚州的叶面线虫,线虫Aphelenchoides草莓和五个草莓cuttivar(“ Chandler”,“ Douglas”,“ Fern”,“ Pajaro”和“ Selva”)种群的影响。温室测试。从蕨叶中提取的线虫放在不同时间段的温度分别保持在44.4、46.1、47.7或49.4 C的水中。分别需要15、5、4和2分钟的曝光时间才能在44.4、46.1、47.7和49.4 C下产生100%的死亡率。在水浴中,最初在25°C的温度下,草莓冠需要4分钟才能达到44.4-54.4 C的温度平衡。没有明显降低随后的植物生长和开花的最大暴露时间为30、15和10分钟,分别为44.4、46.1和47.7C。塞尔瓦虫的存活率比其他品种低(P = 0.05)。在49.4℃下处理5分钟显着降低了所有品种的植物生长和开花。在不损害测试品种的情况下杀死草莓曲霉的最小-最大最大暴露时间为44.4 C时20-30分钟,46.1 C时10-15或47.7 C时8-10。

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