首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry >Status of Serum Calcium Vitamin D and Parathyroid Hormone and Hematological Indices Among Lead Exposed Jewelry Workers in Dhaka Bangladesh
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Status of Serum Calcium Vitamin D and Parathyroid Hormone and Hematological Indices Among Lead Exposed Jewelry Workers in Dhaka Bangladesh

机译:孟加拉国达卡的铅接触珠宝首饰工人血清钙维生素D和甲状旁腺激素的含量及血液学指标

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摘要

Jewelry utilizes lead either directly or as a base metal. Costume jewelry requires lead before molding and plating the product with valuable metals. Therefore, such ornaments have a great potential to release heavy metals having health hazards. Also, jewelry makers engaged in preparing German silver, an alloy, apply lead in smelting, alloying, rolling and milling silver wires and pieces. The metal is taken up by blood, soft tissues and bone. The biological effects of lead are dependent upon the level and duration of exposure. Lead inhibits three enzymes of heme biosynthesis- δ-amino-levulinic-acid dehydratase (ALAD), coproporphyrin oxidase, and ferrochelatase, impairing heme synthesis and depressing serum level of erythropoietin resulting in decreased hemoglobin synthesis. Lead exposure also affects calcium metabolism and impair the synthesis of Calcitriol. In the present study, jewelry makers from Dhaka, Bangladesh, were shown to have significantly high levels of lead, protein, albumin, and parathormone in their blood, and significantly high amount of zinc-protoporphyrin and δ-amino-levulinic-acid in their urine. The control group, on the other hand showed significantly higher amounts of calcium (both total and ionized form) Vitamin D3 and non-activated erythrocyte ALAD in their blood, along with hemoglobin. It might be due to inhibition of 1-α-hydroxylase enzyme in renal tubules. Lead causes nephro-toxicity and inhibits 1-α- hydroxylase enzyme leading to decreased calcitriol synthesis resulting in impaired calcium absorption across gastro-intestinal tract and renal tubules. Low Vitamin D3 and significantly increased Parathyroid hormone (PTH) in study group has been found.
机译:珠宝直接利用铅或作为贱金属。服装首饰在成型和镀上贵重金属之前需要铅。因此,这种装饰品具有释放对健康有害的重金属的巨大潜力。此外,从事制备德国银(一种合金)的珠宝制造商在铅的熔化,合金化,轧制和铣削银线和零件中使用铅。金属被血液,软组织和骨骼吸收。铅的生物学效应取决于暴露的水平和持续时间。铅抑制血红素生物合成的三种酶-δ-氨基乙酰丙酸脱水酶(ALAD),共卟啉氧化酶和铁螯合酶,损害血红素合成并降低促红细胞生成素的血清水平,导致血红蛋白合成减少。铅的暴露还会影响钙的代谢并损害骨化三醇的合成。在本研究中,孟加拉国达卡的珠宝制造商的血液中铅,蛋白质,白蛋白和副甲状腺素水平显着较高,锌原卟啉和δ-氨基乙酰丙酸含量显着较高尿。另一方面,对照组血液中的钙(总量形式和离子形式)维生素D3和未活化的红细胞ALAD含量显着高于血红蛋白。这可能是由于抑制了肾小管中的1-α-羟化酶。铅会引起肾毒性,并抑制1-α-羟化酶,从而导致骨化三醇合成减少,从而导致跨胃肠道和肾小管的钙吸收受损。研究组发现维生素D3含量低和甲状旁腺激素(PTH)明显升高。

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