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Art Perception in the Museum: How We Spend Time and Space in Art Exhibitions

机译:博物馆中的艺术感知:我们如何在艺术展览中花费时间和空间

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摘要

Aesthetics research aiming at understanding art experience is an emerging field; however, most research is conducted in labs without access to real artworks, without the social context of a museum and without the presence of other persons. The present article replicates and complements key findings of art perception in museum contexts. When observing museum visitors (N = 225; 126 female, M(age) = 43.3 years) while perceiving a series of six Gerhard Richter paintings of various sizes (0.26–3.20 sq. m) in a temporary art exhibition in January and February 2015 showing 28 paintings in total, we revealed patterns compatible to previous research. The mean time taken in viewing artworks was much longer than was mostly realized in lab contexts, here 32.9 s (Mdn = 25.4 s). We were also able to replicate visitors spending more time on viewing artworks when attending in groups of people. Additionally, we uncovered a close positive relationship (r2 = .929) between canvas size and viewing distance, ranging on average between 1.49 and 2.12 m (M = 1.72 m). We also found that more than half of the visitors returned to paintings, especially those people who had not previously paid too much attention at the initial viewing. After adding the times of returning viewers, each picture was viewed longer than had been estimated in previous research (M = 50.5 s, Mdn = 43.0 s). Results are discussed in the context of current art perception theories, focusing on the need for the ecologically valid testing of artworks in aesthetics research.
机译:旨在理解艺术经验的美学研究是一个新兴领域。但是,大多数研究都是在实验室中进行的,没有获得真实的艺术品,没有博物馆的社会背景,也没有其他人在场。本文复制并补充了博物馆背景下对艺术感知的主要发现。在2015年1月和2015年2月的临时艺术展览中观察博物馆游客(N = 225; 126名女性,M(年龄)age = 43.3岁)的同时,观看一系列六幅尺寸各异(0.26-3.20 sq.m)的Gerhard Richter画作总共展示了28幅画作,我们揭示了与先前研究兼容的图案。观看艺术品所需的平均时间比实验室环境中的平均时间要长得多,此处为32.9 s(Mdn = 25.4 s)。当一群人参加时,我们还能够复制花更多时间在观看艺术品上的访客。此外,我们发现画布尺寸与观看距离之间存在密切的正相关关系(r 2 = .929),平均范围在1.49至2.12 m之间(M = 1.72 m)。我们还发现,超过一半的访客返回了绘画,尤其是那些以前在初次观看时没有过多注意的人。在加上返回观众的次数之后,每张图片的观看时间比以前的研究估计的时间更长(M = 50.5 s,Mdn = 43.0 s)。在当前的艺术感知理论的背景下讨论了结果,重点是美学研究中对艺术品进行生态有效测试的需求。

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