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Effect of Physical Activity on Self-Concept: Theoretical Model on the Mediation of Body Image and Physical Self-Concept in Adolescents

机译:体育活动对自我概念的影响:青少年身体意象和身体自我概念介导的理论模型

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摘要

Objective: The aim of this research was to study the mediation of body dissatisfaction, physical self-concept, and body mass index (BMI) on the relationship between physical activity and self-concept in adolescents.Materials and Methods: A sample of 652 Spanish students between 12 and 17 years participated in a cross-sectional study. Physical self-concept and general self-concept were assessed with the Physical Self-Concept Questionnaire (CAF), body dissatisfaction with the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ), and physical activity was estimated with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF). BMI was utilized as a measurement of body composition. Structural equation modeling was used to assess the results.Results: The resulting models showed good fit indexes. Final model for all participants explained the 17% of the variance of body dissatisfaction, 57% of physical self-concept, and 60% of general self-concept. Physical activity had a positive and indirect effect on self-concept (β = 0.29, p < 0.01) and direct effects on body dissatisfaction (β = −0.26, p < 0.01) and physical self-concept (β = 0.20, p < 0.01). BMI had a direct effect on body dissatisfaction (β = 0.31, p < 0.01) and on physical self-concept (β = −0.10, p < 0.01) and an indirect effect on general self-concept (β = −0.24, p < 0.01). However, it was only associated with physical activity in males, playing a mediating role between physical activity and body dissatisfaction.Conclusion: Physical activity can help individuals to achieve a positive self-concept and promote psychological well-being in adolescents through the improvement of physical perceptions and body satisfaction. The importance of BMI, body dissatisfaction, and physical self-concept on the configuration of the self-concept is also emphasized. Educational policymakers and Physical Education teachers should implement strategies to promote physical activity in the schools and provide a Quality Physical Education programs to increase physical activity during adolescence.
机译:目的:该研究的目的是研究身体不满,身体自我概念和体重指数(BMI)对青少年身体活动与自我概念之间关系的调解。 >材料与方法:抽样研究了652名12至17岁的西班牙学生。身体自我概念和一般自我概念通过身体自我概念调查表(CAF)进行评估,身体对身体形状调查表(BSQ)的不满意程度,并通过国际身体活动调查表(IPAQ-SF)评估身体活动。 BMI被用作身体成分的测量。使用结构方程模型评估结果。结果:结果模型显示出良好的拟合指数。所有参与者的最终模型解释了身体不满意差异的17%,身体自我概念的57%和总体自我概念的60%。身体活动对自我概念有积极和间接的影响(β= 0.29,p <0.01),对身体不满有直接影响(β= -0.26,p <0.01)和身体自我概念(β= 0.20,p <0.01) )。 BMI对身体不满(β= 0.31,p <0.01)和身体自我概念(β= -0.10,p <0.01)有直接影响,对一般自我概念有间接影响(β= -0.24,p <0.01) 0.01)。但是,它仅与男性的体育活动有关,在体育活动和身体不满之间起中介作用。结论:体育活动可以帮助个人实现积极的自我概念并促进心理健康通过改善身体知觉和身体满意度来改善青少年。还强调了BMI,身体不满意以及身体自我概念对自我概念构型的重要性。教育政策制定者和体育教师应实施策略以促进学校的体育锻炼,并提供优质的体育教育计划以增加青春期的体育锻炼。

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