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Attentional Disengagement Deficits Predict Brooding, but Not Reflection, Over a One-Year Period

机译:注意力分离不足会预测一年的沉思而不是反思

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摘要

A growing literature suggests that rumination is linked to attentional disengagement deficits in depression. This is particularly the case with brooding, a maladaptive form of rumination. However, research on the potential constructive association between attentional disengagement and self-reflection, a putative adaptive form of rumination, is sparse. Thus, the goal of the present study was to examine whether visual attentional disengagement deficits differentially predict dispositional brooding and self-reflection tendencies. Depressed participants (n = 17), those in remission from depression (n = 42), and their peers with no depression histories (n = 70) completed clinical interviews, the Ruminative Response Scale (RRS), and an eye-tracking task that measured attentional disengagement from pleasant (happy) and unpleasant (sad) facial images during a laboratory visit, and the RRS at 4 month intervals over a 1-year period. Results revealed that slow disengagement from sad faces, and rapid disengagement from happy faces, was specifically associated with brooding tendencies concurrently and across follow-up. Attentional disengagement was unrelated to self-reflection. The disengagement-brooding associations remained after controlling for depression status and anxiety disorder histories, suggesting that attentional control deficits may be a state-independent marker of brooding. Theoretical and clinical implications for these associations are discussed.
机译:越来越多的文献表明,反刍与抑郁症中注意力脱离的缺陷有关。育雏是一种反适应的反刍形式,尤其如此。但是,关于注意力分离和自我反省(一种可能的反省适应形式)之间潜在的建设性联系的研究很少。因此,本研究的目的是检查视觉注意脱离接触缺陷是否可以差异性地预测性格沉思和自我反思倾向。抑郁的参与者(n = 17),抑郁症缓解的参与者(n = 42)和没有抑郁史的同龄人(n = 70)完成了临床访谈,反刍反应量表(RRS)和一项眼动追踪任务,在实验室探访期间测量了愉快的(愉快的)和不愉快的(悲伤的)面部图像的注意力脱离情况,以及在1年内的间隔为4个月的RRS。结果显示,与悲伤面孔的缓慢脱离和与幸福面孔的迅速脱离,与并发和后续随访中的育雏趋势特别相关。注意脱离接触与自我反省无关。在控制了抑郁状态和焦虑症的病史后,脱离-沉思的联想仍然存在,这表明注意控制缺陷可能是一个与状态无关的沉思标志。讨论了这些关联的理论和临床意义。

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