Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy: Serial High-b-Value Diffusion-Weighted MR Imaging and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Measurements to Assess Response to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

摘要

SUMMARY: A patient with human immunodeficiency virus–related posterior fossa progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy had serial diffusion-weighted imaging using b-values of 1000 and 3000 before and during highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). High-b-value images provided a superior definition of the leading edge of the lesion and additional information about the integrity of white matter tracts. Following HAART, there was a marked reduction of lesional apparent diffusion coefficient and reconstitution of anisotropy in the affected middle cerebellar peduncle.