In the present study, for the purpose of investigating the effects of the total flavonoids of Epimedium (TFE) in regard to preventing the development of atrophied oviducts and follicles induced by forced molting, 300-day-old Hy-Line Brown layer hens were divided into 3 study groups as follows: the control (CON) group was the normal group, without forced molting and TFE treatments; the TFE1 group was treated by adding a 1‰ TFE treatment after forced molting; and the TFE0 group was not treated by TFE after forced molting. During this study's experimental process, the egg production rates were recorded each day. In addition, the hens were randomly chosen to be weighed every 4 D and also randomly selected to be sacrificed every 7 D. Then, sample tissues of albumen-secreting part and uterus from the fallopian tube of the layer hens were collected for PCR and hematoxylin-eosin staining tests. The results showed that the body weights, number of follicles, and weights and sizes of the fallopian tube for the TFE1 and TFE0 groups were significantly reduced when compared with those of the control group on the 15th D of the experiment. Furthermore, at the end of study, it was found that the egg production rates, weights of the fallopian tube, and ovarian follicles of TFE1 had recovered to normal levels. At the same time, the serum estrogen and the expressions of the progesterone receptor and estrogen receptor mRNA in fallopian tube were higher than those observed for the TFE0 group. The results of this study provided valuable evidence that TFE could improve the development of atrophied oviducts and increase the egg laying rates, thereby making it a potential multicomponent natural drug for egg production in the future.
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