Spontaneous rupture of the urinary bladder (SRUB) is a rare urological emergency associated with urinary ascites and apparent acute kidney injury. The clinical course can be severe or lethal if no early diagnosis is achieved. We present a 44-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus had progressive abdominal fullness, poor appetite, dyspnea, and lower legs edema for two days. Laboratory studies present as acute kidney injury. Abdominal sonogram and computed tomogram (CT) revealed massive ascites. Her ascitesrelieved dramatically after Foley catheter indwelling, and daily urine amount was about 5,000 mL. Urinary bladder rupture was found after CT cystography. She received surgical repair of the ruptured urinary bladder, and cystometry revealed detrusor arefl exia. Then she was discharged uneventfully.
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