Incorporation of Smooth Muscle Cells Derived from Human Adipose Stem Cells on Poly(Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid) Scaffold for the Reconstruction of Subtotally Resected Urinary Bladder in Athymic Rats

摘要

A Radiological and B ultrasonography examination of rats with bladder resection-anastomosis (Group 1) at 90 days post-operation. Urinary bladder appears normal in shape; the bladder outline is smooth and regular, and the bladder size and volume are within the normal range. No calculi are noted within the bladder lumen. C Radiography (black arrow points to the native bladder; hollow arrow points to the junction between native and the reconstructed bladder and the white arrow points to the reconstructed bladder) and D ultrasonography examination of rats treated with cell-free scaffold (Group 2) at day 14 post-operation. Urinary bladder appears normal with no evidence of urinary extravasation. An intact scaffold occupying the upper two thirds of the bladder is noted (hollow arrow points to the extravesical space; white arrow points to the newly reconstructed bladder). E–G Ultrasound examination of animal treated with tissue-engineered bladder (Group 3) at day 90 post-operation. Reconstructed urinary bladder appears oval in shape with a smooth and regular outline (white arrow). The bladder size and volume are within the normal range. Presence of urinary bladder calculi white arrow is detected (G)