Genetic Liability to Smoking and Breast Cancer Risk

摘要

Cigarette smoking is a potential modifiable risk factor for breast cancer, which accounts for 30% of female cancer and is the second cause of cancer deaths in 2020.1 However, there are limited studies and inconsistent results on the association between smoking and breast cancer with different estrogen receptor (ER) status.2 In addition, the potential confoundings by alcohol use in observational studies may interfere with relation between smoking and breast cancer.2 Smoking is also genetically correlated with alcohol consumption.3