Heparan sulfate assists SARS-CoV-2 in cell entry and can be targeted by approved drugs in vitro

摘要

a The chemical structures of heparan sulfate and heparin. b The experimental scheme for inhibitor testing in HEK293T-ACE2-GFP cells. c Heparin mitigates the entry of SARS-Cov and SARS-CoV-2 PP. ACE2-GFP HEK293T cells were transduced with SARS-Cov and SARS-CoV-2 PP in the presence of heparin as indicated. The ratio of luciferase vs GFP was measured 24 h post-transduction. Error bars indicate SEM, n = 4. d Heparin interacts with Spike in a salt sensitive manner. Spike (600 ng) was incubated with either control or heparin-conjugated beads in a buffer containing 0 or 150 mM NaCl. Bound proteins were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Coomassie blue staining. Note that a small amount of Spike interacts with heparin in the presence of 150 mM NaCl.